President Obama's 2016 budget proposal would provide $83.8 billion for Department of Health and Human Services' for expanding health coverage.

The key investments focus on expanding health care access to traditionally underserved communities by offering access to health insurance and investing in the health care workforce: include extending funding for Affordable Care Act improvements, the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), Medicaid primary care services and the Indian Health Service: would be key investments, with many community services seeing improved funding.

  • Children's Health Insurance Program would receive four additional years of funding that would be paid for through an increase in tobacco taxes.
  • Medicaid would receive $6.3 billion for an enhanced reimbursement rate for primary care services to encourage provider participation.
  • Indian Health Service contract support costs would be fully funded at $718 million, a $55 million increase over fiscal 2015. IHS contract support costs provide funds to tribes that administer their own health care programs.
  • The health centers program would receive $4.2 billion to support services for an estimated 28.6 million patients in medically underserved communities.
  • In addition to $287 million in discretionary funds, the National Health Services Corps would receive $2.6 billion for mandatory resources from fiscal 2016 though fiscal 2020. The program's clinicians provide services in high need areas, including federal health centers and rural areas.

An increase of $58 million, to total $185 million ​would be allocated for mental health research and treatment, while a total of $5.1 billion ($461 million over 2015) would go to implementing services and infrastructure in Indian Country. Programs would also be funded to support various organizations that provide HIV-related services, search for an HIV/AIDS cure, and that decrease prescription and illicit drug abuse.

The health centers program would increase its budget to $4.2 billion to support services for an estimated 28.6 million patients in medically underserved communities, while new funding would also go to enhance training of primary care practitioners and other physicians in the National Health Services Corps.

Other community programs that would receive increased funding include Head Start, innovative child care models and home-visiting programs for working families, plus low-income home energy assistance and in-home services for older and disabled Americans.

Discretionary funds would help shelter for unaccompanied children apprehended by immigration authorities, as well as refugee, asylee and other humanitarian arrivals.

Looking beyond immediately vulnerable populations, the budget would provide $31.3 billion to biomedical research at the National Institutes of Health. Further funds would address agendas to combat Ebola, eradicate polio, and fight any other potential public health emergencies.

The budget would earmark over $300 million in funds to aggressively implement cybersecurity, fraud prevention and appeals system tools, alongside other efficiency upgrades intended to cut down on service disruptions and waste.

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